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Trauma Bonding and Interpersonal Crimes

Psycho-Criminology of Crime, Mental Health, and the Law 1. Aufl.

von: Joan A. Reid, Heng Choon (Oliver) Chan
35,99 €
Verlag:	Wiley
Format:	EPUB
Veröffentl.:	08.07.2024
ISBN/EAN:	9781394182268
Sprache:	englisch
Anzahl Seiten:	240

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Titelbeschreibung

A COLLECTION OF RECENT RESEARCH AND REAL-LIFE REPORTS ON TRAUMA BONDING IN MANY CONTEXTS OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE Trauma bonding, the emotional attachment victims develop toward their abusers or captors, has been repeatedly observed in victims of interpersonal crimes – yet little is known about its formation, persistence, and positive resolution in survivors. Trauma Bonding and Interpersonal Crimes provides a timely review of existing theoretical conceptualizations and research findings on trauma bonding in relation to various forms of interpersonal crimes, including human trafficking, intimate partner violence, child sexual abuse, cults, kidnapping, gang violence, and terrorism. With an accessible and reader-friendly style, lead author Joan A. Reid examines the concept of trauma bonding while offering insights into the consequences of how the phenomenon is framed in the public discourse and the professional sectors. Twelve chapters investigate key topics ranging from methodological issues and research limitations to current debates on victimology within academic disciplines such as criminology, psychology, social work, sociology, and public health. Providing a holistic approach to the subject, Trauma Bonding and Interpersonal Crimes: <ul><li>Highlights the complexities of intervention and treatment for trauma survivors and clinicians</li><li>Explores the implications for policy related to trauma bonding</li><li>Recommends potential avenues for integrated theory and research</li><li>Features case studies that combine individual examples and evidence-based research</li><li>Includes definitions of terms, critical thinking questions, and further readings in each chapter</li></ul> Part of Wiley’s Psycho-Criminology of Crime, Mental Health, and the Law series, Trauma Bonding and Interpersonal Crimesis an invaluable resource for upper-level undergraduate and graduate students, researchers, policymakers, and practitioners in areas related to victims of human trafficking, intimate partner violence, and child sexual abuse.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Foreword xi Preface xiii About the Author xv Notes on Contributors xvii 1 Introduction to Trauma Bonding 1 Joan A. Reid Book Overview 1 A Survivor’s Voice 2 Terminology and Contexts 4 Outline of the Following Chapters 5 References 9 2 General Theories of Trauma Bonding 11 Joan A. Reid and Sarah M. Gardy Overview 11 Reports from Survivors and Practitioners 12 Psychological Theories of Trauma Bonding 13 Attachment Theory and Trauma Bonding Theory 13 Cognitive Theory and Trauma Bonding 15 Evolutionary Theory and Trauma Bonding 16 Neurobiological Theories of Trauma Bonding 17 Conclusion 19 Suggestions for Further Reading 19 Discussion Questions 20 References 20 3 Measures of Trauma Bonding 23 Joan A. Reid Introduction 23 Purpose of Psychological Measures and Screening Tools 24 Best Practices for Measure Development 25 Benefits of Trauma Bonding Measures 27 Validation of Available Measures of Trauma Bonding 28 The Stockholm Syndrome Scale 28 Index of Post-Traumatic Stress 31 Trauma Symptom Inventory-2 32 Conclusion 32 Suggestions for Further Reading 33 Discussion Questions 33 References 34 4 Trauma Bonding and Intimate Partner Violence 37 Joan A. Reid Introduction 37 Case Studies 39 Formation of Trauma Bonds in the Context of Intimate Partner Violence 39 What Is Intimate Partner Violence 39 The Function of Abuse in the Formation of Trauma Bonds 44 Review of Theoretical Concepts Related to IPV and Trauma Bonding 45 Review of Research Studies Investigating Trauma Bonding and Intimate Partner Violence 47 Conclusion 49 Suggestions for Further Reading 49 Discussion Questions 50 References 50 5 Trauma Bonding and Childhood Sexual Abuse 55 Klejdis Bilali and Joan A. Reid Introduction 55 Voices from the Field 56 Formation of Trauma Bonds in the Context of Child Sexual Abuse 57 What Is Child Sexual Abuse? 57 Formation of Trauma Bonds in CSA Contexts 58 Unique Vulnerabilities of Children to Trauma Bonds 58 Child Sexual Grooming and Trauma Bonding 60 Intrafamilial versus Extrafamilial CSA and Trauma Bonds 61 Trauma Bonding and Intrafamilial CSA 62 Trauma Bonding and Extrafamilial CSA 64 Theoretical Conceptualizations of Trauma Bonding in the Context of CSA 67 Attachment Theory 67 Child Sexual Abuse Accommodation Syndrome (CSAAS) 69 Gaps in Research 72 Conclusion 73 Suggestions for Further Reading 74 Discussion Questions 74 References 75 6 Trauma Bonding and Human Trafficking 81 Joan A. Reid Introduction 81 Case Study 83 Subject Data 83 Exposure to Violence and Sexual Assault During Childhood 83 Coerced into Selling Sex 84 Batterer–Trafficker Tactics Related to Trauma Bonding 84 Trauma-Related Symptoms and Relational Dysfunction 85 Case Summary 86 Formation of Trauma Bonds in the Context of Human Trafficking 86 Trauma Bonding among Child and Adolescent Victims of Sex Trafficking 86 Childhood and Developmental Vulnerabilities Linked to Human Trafficking 86 Conditions of Trauma Bonding and Child Victims of Sex Trafficking 87 Trauma Bonding and Adult Victims of Sex Trafficking 89 Varied Pathways into Sex Trafficking for Adults 89 Legislative Barriers for Adult Victims of Human Trafficking 90 Complexities of Identifying Trauma Bonds in the Context of Adult Sex Trafficking 91 Trauma Bonds and Additional Forms of Human Trafficking 92 Conclusion 93 Suggestions for Further Reading 93 Discussion Questions 94 References 94 7 Trauma Bonding and Hostage-Taking/Kidnapping 99 Klejdis Bilali, Emily D. Walker, and Joan A. Reid Introduction 99 Case Study: Elizabeth Smart 100 Origins of the Term “Stockholm Syndrome” 101 Formation of Trauma Bonds in the Context of Hostage-Taking/Kidnapping 103 Elements and Conditions of Trauma Bonding in Kidnapping/ Hostage-Taking 103 Victim Characteristics and Trauma Bonding 105 Perpetrator Tactics Related to Trauma Bonding 107 Authority Response 109 Unraveling a Trauma Bond 111 Conclusion 114 Suggestions for Further Reading and Viewing 115 Discussion Questions 115 References 116 8 Trauma Bonding and Cults 121 Klejdis Bilali, Emily D. Walker, and Joan A. Reid Introduction 121 Case Study: NXIVM 129 Formation of Trauma Bonds in the Context of Cults 130 Unraveling Trauma Bonds Following Cult Exit 134 Conclusion 136 Suggestions for Further Reading, Viewing, and Listening 137 Discussion Questions 137 References 138 9 Trauma Bonding Among Gangs and Terrorist Groups 141 Sarah M. Gardy and Joan A. Reid Introduction 141 Case Study 142 Subject Data 142 History of Loss and Abandonment 142 Coerced into Selling Sex 142 Trauma-Related Symptoms and Relational Dysfunction 143 Case Summary 144 The Formation of Trauma Bonds in Criminal Gangs 144 Gang Grooming and Trauma Bonding 145 Terror Groups and Trauma Bonding 146 Theory of Trauma Bonding Among Criminal Groups 147 Complexities of Trauma Bonding and Rehabilitation 148 Conclusion 150 Suggestions for Further Reading 151 Discussion Questions 151 References 152 10 Treatment Challenges Related to Trauma Bonding 157 Joan A. Reid Introduction 157 Case Study 158 Case Presentation 158 Treatment Progress 159 Case Closure and Summary 159 Consequences of Interpersonal Violence 160 Interpersonal Violence and Mental Health Disorders 160 Interpersonal Violence and Physical Injuries 162 Comorbidity and Diagnostic Overshadowing 163 Treatment Complexities Related to Trauma Bonding 164 Victim Identification 164 Concerns Regarding “Victim” Labeling 167 Separating from the Abuser 167 Client Safety and Self-Determination 168 Trauma-Informed Treatment Recommendations 169 Recommended Treatment Modalities 169 Trauma-Informed Practices for Trauma Bonding 170 Conclusion 171 Suggestions for Further Reading 172 Discussion Questions 173 References 173 11 Trauma Bonding and the Law 179 Emily D. Walker and Joan A. Reid Introduction 179 Case Study: Patty Hearst 180 Subject Data 180 Background of the Case 180 Evidence of Trauma Bonding 181 Outcome of Case 181 Review of Case Law and Legislation Governing Expert Witness Testimony 181 The Frye Standard 182 The Daubert Standard 182 Kumho Tire Co. v. Carmichael 183 Federal Rules of Evidence 183 Current Use of Trauma Bonding in the Legal System 184 Trauma Bonding and Defense of Victim–Defendants 185 Trauma Bonding and Prosecution of Offenders 186 Trauma Bonding and Child Abuse Cases 187 Trauma Bonding and Human Trafficking 188 Barriers to the Use of Trauma Bonding as a Legal Strategy 188 Potential Applications of Trauma Bonding within the Legal System 190 Gaps in Research 191 Conclusion 192 Suggestions for Further Reading 192 Discussion Questions 193 References 193 12 A Way Forward 197 Joan A. Reid Author Postlude 197 A Way-Forward SWOT Analysis 198 Results of the SWOT Analysis 199 Strengths 199 Weaknesses 202 Opportunities 203 Threats 203 Conclusion 204 References 205 Index 209

Autorenportrait

JOAN A. REID, PHD, LMHC is Professor of Criminology and Director of the University of South Florida Trafficking in Persons (TIP) Risk to Resilience Research Lab. Dr. Reid has authored more than 70 publications primarily focused on the sex trafficking of girls and boys in the United States. She has appeared as a citing authority in human trafficking cases in various State Supreme Courts and an amicus brief related to the U.S. Supreme Court case Jane Doe vs. Backpage. As a licensed mental health counselor, Reid provides psychotherapy to rape, sexual abuse, and sex trafficking survivors.